What HVAC Energy-Efficiency Ratings Mean

Are you evaluating the efficiency ratings of new heating and cooling systems? Or are you interested in knowing the rating on your current HVAC unit. Either way, you can discover the efficiency rating and expected yearly operating costs by inspecting the yellow Energy Guide sticker on the side of the unit. Below are some facts about the different ratings you might find and what they mean.

What Is a SEER Rating?

SEER is an acronym for Seasonal Energy Efficiency Ratio, a rating of air conditioning efficiency. The SEER rating is a calculation of the cooling output of an air conditioner over a whole cooling season, divided by the volume of energy consumed within that time frame. A higher SEER rating suggests better energy efficiency and lower energy bills.

Presently, the minimum SEER rating for new air conditioners is 14 SEER in the northern U.S. and 15 SEER in the southern U.S. This is an increase from the old minimum expectation of 13 SEER in the north and 14 SEER in the south, that was in effect from 2015 to 2022. This adjustment demonstrates the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DOE) ongoing efforts to minimize energy consumption and climate-impacting emissions.

Lately, top-quality air conditioners boast ratings of 26 SEER or higher, delivering amazing energy savings. However, impressive SEER ratings commonly come with a higher up-front cost. Therefore, you should consider both the initial financial investment and the potential for continued savings when deciding on a new air conditioning unit.

What Is an EER Rating?

While SEER ratings are more well-known, cooling systems have an additional efficiency measurement you should be aware of. It’s referred to as EER, and it means Energy Efficiency Ratio. This conveys the performance of an cooling system under specified operating conditions. The EER rating enables you to understand whether the system will keep up with demand on extreme summer days.

Currently, only the southwest area of the nation has a minimum EER rating of 12.2 EER for residential central air conditioners. The highest ratings top out at about 14 EER. Consider that SEER and EER almost always correspond, with higher ratings meaning greater overall performance.

What Is an HSPF Rating?

Heating Seasonal Performance Factor (HSPF) ratings are metrics that indicate the measurement of the energy efficiency of air-source heat pumps once in heating mode. HSPF is a percentage of the total heat output in British Thermal Units (BTUs) throughout the heating season to the amount of electricity used in watt-hours. A higher HSPF rating suggests a more efficient heat pump.

The minimum HSPF rating for new heat pumps is 8.8 HSPF, an increase from the previous minimum of 8.2 HSPF. By demanding higher minimum HSPF ratings, the DOE is making it more affordable long-term for Americans to use more energy-efficient heating systems in homes and businesses throughout the U.S. The bare minimum is always an option, but it’s a wise choice to get a high-end heat pump with a rating of 13 HSPF or higher for the best performance.

What Is an AFUE Rating?

Annual Fuel Utilization Efficiency (AFUE) ratings are another estimate of heating system efficiency, but they only pertain to furnaces and boilers. AFUE is a proportion of the annual heat output to the energy utilized during that period. The higher the AFUE rating, the more efficient the furnace or boiler.

In 2023, the minimum AFUE rating for new gas furnaces has been modified to 81. Prior to this, the several southern states had a minimum of 80 AFUE, and the northern states required ratings of 90 AFUE or higher. While you aren’t required to install anything above the minimum, you’ll spend less on your utility bills by choosing a furnace rated 95 AFUE or higher.

What Is an ENERGY STAR® Rating?

The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) established the ENERGY STAR program in the early 1990s to help homeowners and businesses discover the most energy-efficient equipment and appliances available. HVAC equipment, appliances, water heaters, light fixtures, office equipment, electronics and building products that meet or exceed specific criteria can earn ENERGY STAR certification.

ENERGY STAR-rated products go far beyond the minimum expectations to save energy and cut down on emissions without compromising performance or features. You might also look for the ENERGY STAR Most Efficient designation, which identifies the best performers in energy efficiency and innovation. The EPA is actually revising the qualification criteria in light of the new minimum HVAC efficiency standards.

Install an Efficient HVAC System

For help determining which HVAC energy-efficiency rating is ideal for your budget, turn to Service Experts Heating & Air Conditioning. We can assess your circumstances and assist you in making an informed purchase. We can provide you with a wide range of products from today’s most reliable brands, all of which achieve or exceed the minimum efficiency requirements for 2023. We’re so convinced that you’ll be delighted with our services that we offer a 100% satisfaction guarantee! For details or to schedule a complimentary HVAC installation quote, please contact a Service Experts office near you.